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24 March 2014 | By Renée-Claude Landry

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Guest Blog | Stenbergs' Faces

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Leading Ladies: Laura Knight and the Ballets Russes

10 March 2014 | By Bazarov

Portrait of Lubov Tchernicheva, 1921

An exhibition of the portraits of Dame Laura Knight (1877–1970) travelled from the National Portrait Gallery to the Laing Art Gallery in Newcastle, where I caught up with it in its final days.

Knight combined a fascination with the theatre, and a great facility in drawing scenes both on- and back-stage, with considerable later success as a society portrait painter and war artist. In 1936 she became the first woman to be elected to the Royal Academy, and her long life embraced radical changes in the European and World order. Her sensitive study of her near contemporary, the Russian ballerina Lubov Tchernicheva (1890-1976), made in London in 1921, and so much more persuasive than much of her later work, perhaps reflects the personal and visual delight she took in her association with the Ballets Russes.

Her second autobiography, The Magic of a Line (1965), speaks excitedly of her contacts with Sergei Diaghilev and his company in London, where Knight came to live after World War 1: ‘Diaghilev’s Ballet had made a sensational impact on the art of the theatre…’, she enthuses, ‘… he combined all the theatrical arts as had never been done before.’ For the second season she obtained a free seat in the house. ‘That was the season when, for three weeks, Pavlova starred with Nijinsky on alternate nights with Karsavina…all London went half mad with excitement.’ For the third season, in 1919, she obtained permission ‘to work wherever I liked in whichever theatre the Ballet was playing’, and we are indebted to her for a vivid and spontaneous visual and written record of these events. She conspired with Lydia Lopokova to use her dressing room as a studio and describes the clutter of that great dancer’s room with an artist’s eye: ‘The dressing table, crowded with pots of creams, powder puffs, trays of make-up, a comb, and pink ballet shoes with ribbons hanging down – all mirrored in the looking-glass behind – is ready for a still life study.’

Knight was a determined balletomane. ‘During the 1920s and 30s, when the seasons spent by the Diaghilev Ballet in London were frequent, I could have been found back-stage every show, trying to draw all the wonderful subjects I saw.’ In her sketches she perfected a fleeting yet supple line in which movement and equipoise are conveyed with great economy.


Ballerina and Partner, 1928

A friend and confidante of Anna Pavlova, she nevertheless reserves her greatest praise for the work of Diaghilev. ‘In his presentations, any one of his performers, whether playing major or minor roles, was one instrumentalist among other instrumentalists, each belonging to a harmonic whole rather than an exponent of individual artistry.’ By contrast, ‘Pavlova was the sole virtuoso of her company’.

Tchernicheva studied at the Imperial Ballet school with Fokine and later with Enrico Cechetti – whom Knight also knew and sketched in London. Joining Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes in 1911, she became a principal dancer with the company until his death in 1929. She danced Fokine roles and created new roles with Massine, Nijinska and Balanchine. She became Ballet Mistress to the Ballets Russes in 1926 and in 1932 joined the Ballets Russes de Monte Carlo. Settling finally in England she worked with Sadlers Wells, The Royal Ballet and London Festival Ballet.

Although the dancer and creator of many leading roles, Knight has chosen to paint Tchernicheva, in her studio in St John’s Wood, without any trappings of the theatre. This is a cool, elegant study of a woman of beauty and poise, with a hint of melancholy possibly prompted by the chaotic situation in her homeland at that time. The strong shoulders and arms form a graceful oval (enhanced by the much smaller oval of her pendant) suggesting at once athleticism and femininity, which, together with the curtain behind, and careful staging of the image, demonstrate Knight’s understanding that (as she later wrote of Pavlova) ‘…as well as a supreme artiste [she] was a woman.’

We sense that two professional women in the public eye, contemporaries confident in their artistic powers, were meeting here in a private space as equals.